Solution:
In Apache, the block is required in your SSL VirtualHost configuration (port 443), just like for HTTP (port 80), to allow .htaccess override rules for WordPress.
Example configuration:
<VirtualHost *:443>
...
...
...
<Directory /var/www/html/domain.com/>
DirectoryIndex index.php
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
This ensures that WordPress’s rewrite rules and other .htaccess directives work correctly over HTTPS.