How to add attributes for a Simple Product on Checkout Page?

Solution:

You can add attributes from admin side. There is no need to use any hooks for this. In admin side go to products->products and edit the product for which you want to add attribute. There below the product description you will find attributes tab there you can add your custom product attribute.

And you can also create common attribute for all the products from Products->Attributes. Here Add New Attribute and after saving it click on configure terms button to add attribute value