Solution:
To redirect right after successful login, you should hook to wp_login
like so:
function my_success_redirect()
{
wp_safe_redirect('http://success.com/yay');
}
add_action('wp_login','my_success_redirect');
To redirect after login fail, you should hook to wp_login_failed
like this:
function my_failure_redirect()
{
wp_safe_redirect('http://nope.com/le-fail');
}
add_action('wp_login_failed','my_failure_redirect');