Solution:
The WooCommerce scripts have several custom events built in. Your own script can listen to these events and run your own code when they are triggered. The most obvious one for your case might be updated_cart_totals but updated_wc_div might also be helpful, I’m not sure without testing. Tested and works.
$( document.body ).on( 'updated_cart_totals', function(){
//re-do your jquery
});