Solution:
Assuming id
field as Primary key of your table.
First replace your Laravel Blade Template Part with below code::
@foreach($dividends_10 as $_dividend_data)
<tr>
<td>{{Portfolio\StockModel::select('short_name')->where('id',$_dividend_data['stock_id'])->value('short_name')}}</td>
<td>{{$_dividend_data['amount']}}</td>
<td>{{$_dividend_data['date']}}</td>
<td><a href="{{'dividends'}}">Edit</a></td>
<td><a href="{{'#'}}" class="delete-mdoal" data-value="{{$_dividend_data['id']}}" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">Delete</a></td>
</tr>
@endforeach
After that use below jQuery to made delete button value dynamic:
$(document).ready(function (e) {
$(document).on("click", ".delete-mdoal", function (e) {
var delete_id = $(this).attr('data-value');
$('button[name="delete_dividend"]').val(delete_id);
});
});