WooCommerce: Add a birthdate billing field in checkout, My account, admin orders and WordPress user

Solution:

Here is the complete code that will display billing birthdate in checkout, in My account Addresses, In admin Orders pages and in WordPress user dashboard:

// Display Billing birthdate field to checkout and My account addresses
add_filter( 'woocommerce_billing_fields', 'display_birthdate_billing_field', 20, 1 );
function display_birthdate_billing_field($billing_fields) {

    $billing_fields['billing_birthdate'] = array(
        'type'        => 'date',
        'label'       => __('Birthdate'),
        'class'       => array('form-row-wide'),
        'priority'    => 25,
        'required'    => true,
        'clear'       => true,
    );
    return $billing_fields;
}

// Save Billing birthdate field value as user meta data
add_action( 'woocommerce_checkout_update_customer', 'save_account_billing_birthdate_field', 10, 2 );
function save_account_billing_birthdate_field( $customer, $data ){
    if ( isset($_POST['billing_birthdate']) && ! empty($_POST['billing_birthdate']) ) {
         $customer->update_meta_data( 'billing_birthdate', sanitize_text_field($_POST['billing_birthdate']) );
    }
}

// Admin orders Billing birthdate editable field and display
add_filter('woocommerce_admin_billing_fields', 'admin_order_billing_birthdate_editable_field');
function admin_order_billing_birthdate_editable_field( $fields ) {
    $fields['birthdate'] = array( 'label' => __('Birthdate', 'woocommerce') );

    return $fields;
}

// WordPress User: Add Billing birthdate editable field
add_filter('woocommerce_customer_meta_fields', 'wordpress_user_account_billing_birthdate_field');
function wordpress_user_account_billing_birthdate_field( $fields ) {
    $fields['billing']['fields']['billing_birthdate'] = array(
        'label'       => __('Birthdate', 'woocommerce'),
        'description' => __('', 'woocommerce')
    );
    return $fields;
}

Code goes in functions.php file of the active child theme (or active theme). Tested and works.